Enhancing circularity in the car sharing industry: Reverse supply chain network design optimisation for reusable car frames

The transportation sector is a great contributor of global carbon emissions, thus technical, regulatory, and behavioural efforts are being made to move towards more sustainable mobility, reducing the sector's environmental impact. Among proposed solutions, car sharing an appealing alternative for both societal reasons. However, society facing another challenge with rapid increase vehicles that have reached end their life. As result, regulatory initiatives drive manufacturers circular economy paradigm incorporates reuse, remanufacturing recycling processes in supply chains. This work proposes optimises design reverse chain enables pathways automotive particular focus on vehicles' components reusable. Car selected due high mileage, short service life rapidly increasing demand. first identifies optimal chains reusable vehicle parts. investigated case study involves remanufacturable fiber reinforced polymer frame, which its long-life span light weight properties. results indicate per unit overall system cost minimised when percentage frames remanufactured increases, required regarding remanufacturability mind. impact economies scale reduction demonstrated. Finally, frame appears be advantageous compared single use one environmentally economically.